Useful LINUX commands 

Hello friends! Today we decided to pamper you with some sorts of fine LINUX things!

Surely you have seen, either in the movie or in life - like some cool guys or girls - they sit at the computer and drive some strange commands into the black window.

And thanks to this, someone's servers are hacked or, as usual, save the world! :) And we want to reveal to you a little the secrets of these very black windows.

In fact - nothing complicated!

Such a black window in LINUX is called a terminal. You can get confused because sometimes somebody says "the console" sometimes somebody says "terminal", how to distinguish?

Easy! For the console working - the graphical shell is not needed at all, and the terminal is a program that simulates the console in a graphical shell.

This is how the server versions of LINUX distributions work. Now we understand - if we have a computer with a graphical environment - we are talking terminal. If there is no graphical shell at all, then the console

Commands for the terminal and for the console - no different. There are also practically no different commands for different branches of distributions.

And what can you write in these black windows LINUX? We think that it is right to start from the very foundations!

Top basic LINUX commands: commands will be listed in brackets

System shutdown 

[ shutdown -h now ] turn off computer

[ reboot ] to restart a computer

System information

[ uname -m ] display computer architecture

[ uname -r ] display current kernel version

[ sudo dmidecode -q ] show hardware system components - (SMBIOS / DMI)

[ hdparm -i /dev/sda ]  display hard drive specifications

[ hdparm -tT /dev/sda ] test the performance of reading data from the hard disk

[ cat /proc/cpuinfo ]  display processor information

[ cat /proc/net/dev ]  show network interfaces and statistics on them

[ top ] show running processes

[ ps -eafw ] show running processes once

[ kill -9 98989 ] "kill" process with PID 98989

[ free -g ] show the state of RAM in gigabytes

Files and directories

[ cd /home ]  go to directory '/home'

[ cd .. ]   go to the directory above

[ cd ../.. ]       go to the directory two levels higher

[ cd ]     go to home directory

[ pwd ]  show current directory

[ ls ]  display the contents of the current directory

[ ls -l ] show content permissions in current directory

[ mkdir papka1 ] create a directory / folder named 'papka1'

[ rm -f file1 ]  delete the file with the name 'file1'

[ rm -rf papka1 ] delete the folder with the name 'papka1' and all its contents

[ mv papka1 new_papka ]  rename 'papka1' to 'new_papka'

[ cp file1 file2 ] copy file 'file1' to file 'file2'

[ touch test.txt ]  create empty text file 'test.txt'

File search

[ find / -name file1 ]  find files and directories named 'file1'. Start search from the root (/)

Disk space

[ df -h ] displays information about mounted partitions with a display of total, available and occupied space

Network

[ hostname ] display computer name

[ iwlist scan ] scan the air for availability of wireless access points

[  ping ] check availability of a specific ip address or domain

For those who have read this article and who already have LINUX - a funny program for you:

install the program:

sudo apt-get install cmatrix

run the program:

cmatrix

enjoy the cool matrix like in the movie!

Friends, this is a very small part of the commands, but it will bring you up to date! And we will be very pleased if you support our page with pleasant likes, we are trying for you and we will be pleased to see that you are interested!